Who convened the Model Parliament?

The Model Parliament was convened by Edward I in 1295, marking a significant development in the evolution of parliamentary democracy in England. Edward I recognized the need for broader representation and sought to include not just the aristocracy but also commoners, allowing for representatives from various counties and boroughs to participate in the legislative process. This inclusion set a precedent for future parliaments and highlighted the growing importance of representation in governance.

The event is significant because it established a framework where different societal groups could influence law-making, reflecting the changing dynamics of power in medieval England. This model laid the groundwork for the modern parliamentary system, where the involvement of the public in governance is an essential aspect.

In contrast, the other individuals listed were important figures in English history but did not convene the Model Parliament. Henry III's reign saw earlier forms of parliament, Richard the Lionheart's focus was primarily on crusades, and James I's time was marked by different constitutional challenges rather than the establishment of a new parliamentary model. Thus, Edward I's initiative is recognized as a pivotal moment in parliamentary history.