What term refers to a large and complex organization made up of appointed officials?

The term that refers to a large and complex organization made up of appointed officials is bureaucracy. This concept encompasses the structured and hierarchical nature of organizations, particularly within government and public administration, where tasks are divided among specialized departments and governed by rules and regulations.

Bureaucracies are characterized by a clear chain of command and a set of procedures designed to ensure efficiency and consistency in managing public policies and services. This allows for the implementation of laws and regulations in a systematic manner. The appointed officials within a bureaucracy often have specific expertise and responsibilities, which contribute to the overall functionality of the organization.

In contrast, a corporation typically refers to a business entity that is legally distinct from its owners, focused primarily on profit generation and economic activities, rather than public administration. Administration is a broader term that can apply to various forms of management but does not specifically capture the complex framework or the official capacity that bureaucracy implies. The term organization model is vague and does not specifically indicate appointed officials or the complexity associated with bureaucracies.