What is the main purpose of the system of checks and balances?

The main purpose of the system of checks and balances is to limit the powers of each branch of government. This system is integral to the structure of the United States government as established by the Constitution. It ensures that no single branch—executive, legislative, or judicial—can dominate or act beyond its authority without accountability.

Each branch has specific powers and responsibilities, along with the ability to check the operations and powers of the other branches. For example, the legislative branch creates laws, but the executive branch has the authority to veto those laws. In turn, the judiciary can review the laws and actions of both the legislative and executive branches to ensure they comply with the Constitution. This interdependence promotes a balance of power and protects against tyranny or abuse by any one branch.

In contrast, while national security, economic stability, and judicial review are important aspects of governance, they do not encapsulate the primary function of checks and balances. The checks and balances system specifically focuses on restraining governmental powers and ensuring a separation of powers, which is foundational to the functioning of American democracy.