What document outlines the principles of American democracy?

The Constitution is the foundational document that outlines the principles of American democracy. It establishes the framework of the federal government, delineates the separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, and sets forth the rights of the citizens. By providing a balance between governmental authority and individual freedoms, the Constitution embodies the principles of democracy, such as the rule of law, representation, and checks and balances.

While the Declaration of Independence articulates the reasons for independence and outlines the philosophical justifications for the formation of a new nation, it is not a governing document. The Bill of Rights enumerates specific protections for individual liberties but does not encapsulate the broader framework of government. The Articles of Confederation, on the other hand, served as the first constitution for the United States but proved to be ineffective in establishing a strong central government, which led to the adoption of the current Constitution.